(CACD 2025) item 141 - (Língua Inglesa). In the second paragraph, the author claims that th

Questões de prova
1

Enunciado:

There is nothing inevitable about choices that are environmentally destructive. In 1800, there were indeed 550 steam engines in Europe but there were over 500,000 water mills.
Coal was more expensive than hydro power and many industrialists were not persuaded of its added value. It was the economic recession of 1825–1848 with increasing agitation by textile workers over salaries and conditions which made the use of coal-powered, steam-driven spinning machines a much more attractive proposition. More machines meant fewer workers and fewer workers meant fewer demands, notably for wage rises.
Therefore, the substantial increase in CO₂ emissions in Britain in the first half of the nineteenth century, which through economic competition, war and imperial domination would start a worldwide trend, was not the blind outcome of the machinery of ‘progress’ but the cumulative consequence of a set of very specific decisions taken by identifiable socio-economic actors.

Similarly, the notion that ecological awareness is only a very recent phenomenon where “humanity” finally woke up to the environmental consequences of its economic activities does not stand up to scrutiny. In the period from the beginnings of the industrial revolution to the decade when the movement towards fossil fuels use becomes more marked, awareness of the relationships between humans and their environment or the “natural world” was widespread. Environmental risks have been clearly and repeatedly signalled from the time of the industrial revolution onwards. The notion of an unthinking humanity bringing destruction upon itself does not bear up to examination.

In relation to the previous text, judge the items that follow.

Texto do item:

In the second paragraph, the author claims that the use of fossil fuels marked the relationship between humans and their environment.

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2

Gabarito sugerido: E
O texto do segundo parágrafo afirma que, desde o início da Revolução Industrial até a década em que o uso de combustíveis fósseis se tornou mais marcado, havia uma consciência difundida sobre as relações entre humanos e o meio ambiente. No entanto, o autor não diz que o uso de combustíveis fósseis marcou essa relação, mas sim que a consciência ecológica já existia antes e durante esse processo. Portanto, a afirmativa está ERRADA, pois distorce o argumento do autor.

Comentário automático feito pela inteligência artificial do Clipping.ai apenas para referência. Comentários dos nossos professores virão a seguir.

3

The text says that worker agitation over salaries and conditions — not the conditions themselves — made steam machines more attractive to employers, not to improve workers’ lives, but to replace them and avoid wage demands.

“More machines meant fewer workers and fewer workers meant fewer demands, notably for wage rises.”

So it was employers’ reaction to workers, not concern for their conditions.

Explicação (PT):
Errado. O uso das máquinas aumentou porque os patrões queriam evitar greves e exigências salariais dos trabalhadores, não para melhorar suas condições. Foi uma estratégia para reduzir mão de obra e demandas trabalhistas, não um reflexo direto das condições de vida.