Questão 36 item 1 - (Inglês - 1a Fase - CACD 2024). In the fragment "I have never believed that books

Enunciado:

Text II

This book wants to show the newcomer the lie of the land without confusing him with details. In writing it I thought first and foremost of readers in their teens. But I have never believed that books for young people should differ from books for adults except for the fact that they must reckon with the most exacting class of critics, critics who are quick to detect and resent any trace of pretentious jargon or bogus sentiment. I know from experience that these are the vices which may render people suspicious of all writings. I have striven to use plain language even at the risk of sounding casual or unprofessional. I hope that no reader will attribute my decision to ‘talk down’ to him. Apart from this decision, I have tried to follow a number of more specific self-imposed rules, such as limiting myself to real works of art and cutting out anything which might merely be interesting as a specimen of taste or fashion. This decision entailed a considerable sacrifice of literary effects. Praise is so much duller than criticism, and the inclusion of some amusing monstrosities might have offered some light relief. Thus, while I do not claim that all the works illustrated represent the highest standard of perfection, I did make an effort not to include anything which I considered to be without a peculiar merit of its own.
A second rule also demanded a little self-denial. I vowed to resist any temptation to be original in my selection, lest the well-known masterpieces be crowded out by my own personal favourites. This book, after all, is not intended merely as an anthology of beautiful things; it is meant for those who look for bearings in a new field, and for them the familiar appearance of apparently ‘hackneyed’ examples may serve as welcome landmarks.
One more rule I have followed. When in doubt I have always preferred to discuss a work which I had seen in the original rather than one I knew only from photographs. I should have liked to make this an absolute rule, but I did not want the reader to be penalized by the accidents of travel restrictions which sometimes dog the life of the art-lover.
E.H. Gombrich, The Story of Art
(Phaidon, New York - London 1995, p. 7-8 [adapted])

Considering text II, judge whether the following statements are right (C) or wrong (E).

Texto do item:

In the fragment “I have never believed that books for young people should differ from books for adults except for the fact that they must reckon with the most exacting class of critics” (third sentence of the first paragraph), the referent for the pronoun “they” is “adults”.

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Errada

A afirmativa está errada. No fragmento citado, o pronome "they" não se refere a "adults" (adultos), mas sim a "books for young people" (livros para jovens). Vamos analisar a sentença:

"I have never believed that books for young people should differ from books for adults except for the fact that they must reckon with the most exacting class of critics."

Nesta frase, o autor está expressando que não acredita que livros para jovens devam diferir de livros para adultos, exceto pelo fato de que eles devem levar em conta (ou considerar) a classe mais exigente de críticos.

Aqui, o pronome "they" está retomando "books for young people". Apesar de livros não terem agência para "considerar" ou "levar em conta", é comum na linguagem personificar objetos para dar ênfase ou fluidez ao texto. O autor está, portanto, dizendo que os livros para jovens devem considerar a audiência crítica que é o público jovem.

Além disso, no trecho seguinte, o autor esclarece quem são esses críticos:

"critics who are quick to detect and resent any trace of pretentious jargon or bogus sentiment."

Este complemento reforça que os críticos em questão são os próprios jovens leitores, que são rápidos em detectar e rejeitar qualquer traço de jargão pretensioso ou sentimento falso.

Portanto, o pronome "they" não se refere a "adults" (adultos), mas a "books for young people" (livros para jovens). A afirmação é incorreta.


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